DOG AVENGE

AND

The Magnanimity of Rohn-yen-ness,
WOMEN CAPTURING THE HESSIAN,

| The Battle of Bloody 5 Brook.)

BEADLE AND ADAMS, PUBLISHERS,
New England News Co., Poston, Mass.

 

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DOG AVENGER:
THE MAGNANIMITY OF ROHN-YEN-NESS,
WONEY CAPTURING IMI HESSIAN,
BATTLE OF BLOODY BROOK.

NEW YORK:

BEADLE AND ADAMS, PUBLISHERS,
28 WILLIAM STREET.
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Entered according to Act of Congress, in the Year 1864.
by Bzaviz snp CowPaxy. in the Clerk’s Office of the Disirtet Court in the United
States for the Southern District of New York.
THE

WAGNANIMITY OF ROHN-YEN-NESS,

We can well:imagine with what joy peace with, the Indians
was welcomed) by the inhabitants, of those Western States,
which ‘had, for ‘years, ‘been one -vast battlefield, where the
white and red man hunted each other like wild beasts, and
carried on a war of extermination. The settler could now leave
his home for the field. without that awful dread of finding it
in ashes, and his family massacred, on his return. ,The mother
could hug her infant to her: bosom without the fear that ere
another morn its little brains might be dashed out against the
door-posts. | 'Thé confiiement of “stations” and “forts” was
exchanged forthe freedom, of the groves and fields, and all
nature seemed to weatia more cheering aspect. to those who
had so Jong viewed her'‘in’ connection with the idea,of the
lurking Indian—the attack, the struggle, the slaughter, and
bloodshed of savage war, Among all those who rejoiced at
the return of peace, none felt more hearty satisfaction that
the strife was ended than Adam Poe... He had, like his neigh.
bors, been forced to take up the rifle and tomahawk in de-
fense of his home, and: had taken an active part in the struggle
for supremacy but he welcomed, with a thankful heart, the
period when the Indian and the pale-face might take each
other by the hand and. be friends... The Wyandots, however
could not forget the loss of their celebrated chiefs, “ Big
Foot” and his brother, and they had nourished their revenge
until it had become a matter of principle with'them to send
the spirit of their slayer to accompany them to the “happy
hunting-grounds ” of their tribe, They determined, therefore,
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6 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

upon the death of the white man, notwithstanding the pro.
clamation of peace, and Rohn-yen-ness—one of their chiefs—
was selected to carry the plan, into execution. At this time,
Poe lived on the west side of’ the Ohio river, near the mouth
of Little Yellow creek. , One, evening, just. as the family had
sat down to thei? evening meal} a'tall, splendid-ldoking) In!
dian was seen approaching the house. His appearance
awakened no other_emotion than that of curiosity in the
breasts of those who, a short time previous, would have been
alarmed at the sight of a red warrior in such close proximity
t6 their dwelling.’ Perhaps the recollection of former injuries
arose'in the mind of the white:man, is his gaze! rested upon
the noble form of the Indian’; ‘but, ‘be that as/itimay; he wel-
comed hitt’to hi¥ cabin, atid, éxtending® to “him ithe hand ‘of
friendship, invited him to partake'of the humble supper spread
beforé them.” Without ‘any show/of hesitation, Rohntyen-néss
took ‘his’ seat at’ the ® table, notowould the: most careful: '‘ob-
server “havé'gléaned ‘any intimation from his conduct: of ‘the.
deadly ‘errand’ tipon which he had’come. ') He! bore his rifle
aiid’ shot-pouch, and ‘in his belt'was the keen-edgéd tomahawk
and s¢alping-knifé.’ Biit these’ were theoimplements. of the
chasé, a8 Well’as of war} ‘and’such was'the faith of the whites
in regard’ to the integrity of the Indians in maintaining the
peace'they had voluntarily souglit, that’ not the slightest sus-
picion was entertained by Poe of’ the object of the visit.) It
is Not ‘etiquette,’ according: to the Indian’s code; to seek to:
learii the objects of: a’ warriot in Visiting 4 friend, and, Poe
wis content, therefore; tolwwait ‘until the’ other saw fit to ex-
plaiii’then’ 'Thé' evening was passed :inianimated coriversa-
tidn’ between’ the’ hobt’and his! dusky guest, and when:the hour,
for’ retiring ‘came, a> pallet; was laid: wpon: the:floor! for. the
accommodation 6f. the Warrior. 0'Poe! dnd: his wife then: re-
tired to-bed in the'same'room!! Rohn-yen-iess threw himself
upon’ thé “floor but ‘not ‘to! sleep.i “A -violent struggle was
going on ‘iit his breast) which increased in intensity ‘as the
nioment approached: andthe opportunity «was offered for; the
cotimission ‘of the'deed ‘for which’ he had been sent... Besides
198!
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THE, STILL, SMALL VOICE: 2

Poe and his wife, there ; were: no, other inmates. of the ‘cabin
but their children, and/these slept apart from their parents.
Sleep soon wrapped the unsuspecting family in oblivion, and
nothing intervened to; prevent the full accomplishment of the
Indian’s revenge, ‘except’ that. “ still, | Small’ voice,” which,
emanating from an) Omnipresent Deity, pervades equally the
mind of the white and the red man, and points hiny to his
duty., Rohn-yen-ness .could ‘not. bring’ himself’ to /think! of
murdering in cold.blood the man who’ had shown: himself so
kind 'to him, without(a feeling of, great jinquietude.!,' Instead
of distrust. and) suspicion, ‘he had. beeni | received with; the
warmest. expressions of friendship and; confidence. ./ The} best
the; hunter’s cabin, afforded had) been} laid: before him for
use, and he had been treated with the, kindliest reception of
the most favored, guest, without the sigh eaigears of
distrust on the part of his host. ¢
The intellectual struggle of the noble savage was pecwolfal

in the extreme. Now, thinking of the kind and’ brotherly: -

treatment of his, host; now:of the promise to his tribe that:he
would avenge the sacrifice of their brother warriors. In this
conflict of mind, the passions and traditions of his people con-
tended; with the. nobler and finer feelings of his nature; until

long after midnight, when, the fire burning low, he felt if the

deed was to be done at all, it must’ be quickly done, or it
would be too late.|| Nerving himself. therefore to! the effort,
as he thought of the derision of his tribe, and x unapipeased
manes of his friends, he arose from his pallet and grasped the
instruments of deaths;: With a’ catlike tread, he» approached
the couch on-which Poe’ and: his wife were sleeping; without,
the slightest intimation of the danger: whidli hung over them,

and prepared to do his: bloody» work.» -Withi his:tomahawk in’

one hand, and his long, keen; and, glistening’ scalping-knife in

the other, he'stdod ‘in ithe act of striking the fatal blows which

would send two of the pale-faces into eternity, when his»eye

rested upon the face:.of Poe, who was) dreaming and smiling |

in ‘his! sleep, ‘and his purpose changed: in the twinkling: of:

ameyé. The smile on the face of his host seemed to warn
: 199

 
 

8 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

him of the meanness and treachery’ of the act he was about to
commit—-and his arm fell powerless at’ his ‘side. He felt how
unworthy the character of a warrior it was to murder a friend
while asleep; and he went back ‘to his) pallet, and’ throwing
himself down, slept till morning. : ‘When Poe arose—entirely
unsuspicious of the narrow escape from’ death he had had
during the night—he loaded his: guest with blessings, and
Y welcomed him to his ‘table with a sincerity which could
not be assumed. He told him that once they were enemies,
and would have killed each: other had they met; now there
was peace between them, and‘having buried the hatchet, ‘he
hoped it might:not again be dug up. ' Now they were broth-
Hl ers, arid he hoped they:might always be such. After the
: morning meal, Rohn-yen-ness, overwhelmed witha sense of the
generosity of »his friend, left him to join his party, who were
awaiting in anxious expectation the result of his expedition.
Themore‘he reflected upon the course he had pursued the
» more certain ihe felt that the Great Spirit was pleased with
him. An act of kindness had changed this:once proud and
revengéful warrior into’ a child, and” all: the plans ‘which ‘he
had formed had been frustrated by the events of an evening:
Rohn-yen-ness became one iof the earliesti converts’ to the
i Christian faith among the Wyandots,' under the missionary:
‘, efforts of the’ Methodist ‘Episcopal ‘church; and invariably
| ; used his»influence against the'traders’ and their fire-water.
} A still more striking instance of the generosity which some-
i times shines out:from the dark nature of the savage occurred
i at the massacre of the River Raisin—a name suggestive of all
iy that.is horrible in Indian warfare. \-At the mere mention of
t; our mothers. still shudder, and over it our grandmothers
wept bitter tears! for sons, the very flower of Kentucky, who
there fella sacrifice to savage cruelty, and the perfidy of an’
English General. It is well ‘known that the first. conflict at
Frenchtown resulted: favorably to our army, and that when
' the assailants renewed the attack, they for hours made good
their frail stockades against the whole force of British and
Indians combined.’ During the hottest: part of this latter
200

 

 
THE MASSACRE AT FRENCHTOWN. ¥

fight, Mr. C-+---,,then a, mere boy, was struck down. by.
bullet, through the body, and carried to, ajlog-hut.in the rear,
used as a hospital, forthe wounded, with whom. it was.soon
crowded... After the surrender, which, was not made until the
English commander pledged. his honor for the safety.of the
prisoners, a number.of savages, drunk.with rage and whisky,
rushed into the eabin and) began ‘to tomahawk and scalp the
helpless inmates... Young C+—-, who happened to be lying
in-such a position; as to be partially hid, but, yet able, to, see
all that was. done, feigned death, hoping thereby to escape
the hatchet, though he well knew it would not.save,him from
the scalping-knife, for scalps then. bore a good price at the
government offices. in-Canada,, While.trying, to, nerve him-
self to,endure the horrible mutilation without, flinching, he
noticed the entrance of an Indian who, instead, of taking any
part in the barbarous.employment of his fellows, appeared
to regard it with disapproval. . Grasping at,the slighest, hope
of escape, the youth, determined to appeal, to, this man_ for
protection.,;,Springing suddenly to his feet, and eluding some
blows aimed.at him, he rushed to hig; side, and. earnestly
begged to be received as his prisoner,,| The noble savage for
a moment regarded his eager petitioner witha look of min
gled doubt and pity, and then asked if he thought himself
able to endure a rapid march to Canada. Receiving an assur-
ance in the affirmative, he threw his blanket round, the youth
and led him to his own camp, where he supplied him, with
proper food, examined tenderly.into, the nature of his hurt,
and watched. over his safety with the solicitude of a brother.
During the subsequent day, when, so many of the prisoners
were murdered. in cold blood by their guards, this Indian, by
assistance and. encouragement, enabled his suffering protégé
to keep so, well.up ‘with the party, in its, hasty march, as/not
to attract. the attention of his less, merciful companions, who
would have dispatched him if he had delayed their progress.
At night, when the poor boy’s wounds kept him awake and
tossing with pain, his red friend sat by him, trying to assuage
his agony, and whenvhe at last. discovered that this. was best
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10 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

aécomplished by the patient lying across’ something; offered
his own! person’ for that’ purpose, and - bore, without moving,
the inconveniences ‘f ‘stich a position during the remainder
of the ‘night. "The same conduct’ was’ continued~ until Mr.
C-——— was delivered tothe British authorities at’ Malden.
From that time he never saw or could hear ‘of his’ noble bene-
factor; but ‘he always’ cherished his‘memory with feelings
of the deepest gratitude. We think we ‘may challenge any
historian of ‘civilized warfare to point out @ more striking in-
stance of generosity than this. “Certainly a darker scene was
never relieved by ‘a brighter gleam.

In return for this, we ‘have a story of the magnanimity of
Harrod, one of the representative border men of Kentucky—
a leader in whom his companions had the fullest ‘confidence,
anid toward whom the settlers turned in cases of danger, as to
their ablest friend.

Being on one occasion hotly pressed by a party of Indians,
he plinged into the’ Miami; then in a flooded’ state, and ‘hold-
ing his rifle above water with one hand, and swimming with
the other, succeeded in reaching ‘the other shore untouched
by the bullets which closely flew about his head. Two of
the savages, as’ bold’ as‘ himself, followed, but the foremost,
when in mid-stream, reeeived’a shot and disappeared, with a
stifled yell, beneath the tushing waters, ‘while the’ other,
watned by his-comrade’s fate, turned back, and the chase was
given up. An hour or two afterward; as Harrod approached
the rivera few miles below'the point where this. encounter
had taken place, he saw something struggling in an eddy, and
was not a little astonished when he beheld a’naked warrior
draw himself painfully-upon a ‘pile of driftwood, where, hav-
ing with difficulty fixed himself, he proceeded to apply a rude
bandage to his shoulder, down which the’ blood was flowing
from a deep rifle-shot wound.» Rightly conjecturing this to
be the same Indian whom he had ‘shot, who'had contrived to
save himself ‘by clinging to some piece of floating timber, and
moved by an imiptilsé such as few white men of his time’
would have tinderstood, he resolved to lend what assistance

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THE. WOUNDED. WARRIOR; 1d)

he could, to, his, disabled adyersary,, But, how, to,approach
him was the first, difficulty ; for Harrod well knew, that if he
should,present himself in the guise of an enemy,;the savage
would not. hesitate, to plunge again, into the;stream rather
than allow a foeman the honor of carrying away |hiis:scalp-as
a trophy (of victory.) ‘Stealing cautiously, therefore, to: one:
of the trees.on the bank.a few yards from where:the,'uncon-
scious, object, of| his, kindness, sat; he laid aside his,.gan, knife,
and, hatchet, and. then. slipped \suddenly: into view. with his
arms extended, in token of'-peace, and..to,show that) hei was
without any weapon, .At the’first sight of him the savage
started in act to plunge into the stream, but a second! glance
assuring him that no immediate hostility was intended, he for-
bore his | purpose, but’ remained , watching with the jealous
gaze.of.a disabled wild beast the stranger’s' approach, ready
at the first. suspicious! motion| to seek death inthe foaming
river rather than await it.at the hands of an/eneniy. » At length
the encouraging gestures and open, kindly countenance of the
other convinced him) that nothing | unfriendly was. intended,
when he suffered himself to be approached. , Harrod, finding
him almost fainting from cold. and, loss of: blood; gently: as-
sisted him to the shore, where he dressed: ‘his hurt witha
portion of his’ own clothing, and then taking him»on his baék,
bore him several miles to. a beautiful little cavej which he had
discovered years before; and used as’ a: lodging’ in inclement
weather during his excursions into this region.,, Here:he eon-
tinued to feed and. nurse his latefoemanas long ashe required
such attentions,\and finally disniissed! him :in safety to his
tribe.

Such was James amr to his friends ; and—a en test
of character—such was he to'his enemies. il

It, is said, that neither Boone. nor! Harrod sittidaed that
vindictive hatred \of the Indians which was, felt by most of
the border men.; They fought. them when the welfare of the
community, demanded it, but they were not, like/ Kenton ‘and
others, Indian haters, who could not) cross the path, ofa: red-
skin without taking his life, if possible... Harrod, in particular,
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12 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

was not surpassed’ in magnanimity by any hero of chiv-
alry. He was,in every essential, a knight “ without fear and
without reproach’;” and ‘his life was a true romance of the
forest. Born’ it’ is not: certainly known’ where, ignorant of
letters but intelligent from observation, with a spirit as lofty
and as gentle as that of Sidney himself, he appeared among
the earliest’ settlers of the country—or rather preceded them,
for when Boone came first to Boonesborough, Harrod’s eabin
already marked ‘the site) of Harrodsburg—and, after spend-
ing his prime of manhood ‘in protecting the lives and property
without deigning to grasp the immense fortune’ his own en-
terprise had placed within reach, at last, when all around him
was ‘peaceand prosperity, when an affectionate family made
his home pleasant, and age’was beginning to silver his jetty
cutls and: steal the vigor from his stalwart’ tread—when it
was natural that he would settle quietly down, beloved by
neighbors to whom he had shown so much kindness, and hon-
ored by the commonwealth that he had helped to build up,
he suddenly plunged into 'the ‘forest and disappeared ‘as mys-
teriously as he had come. The beginning and end of his life
no: man knows; nor can any one point out the spot where his
cradle stood or his bones repose.

Mr. Jenkins, a resident of Wyoming, was taken prisoner
by the Indians in 1777. He was on a ‘scouting party up the
river, nearly fifty miles; Mr. York, father of the Rev. Minor
York, was one of his companions; Lemuel Fish was another.
They were ambushed, not far from Wyalusing, by a party of
Indians, and taken to the British lines. An Indian chief of
some celebrity was prisoner to the Americans in Albany, and
Colonel John Butler sent: Mr. Jenkins, under an escort of In-
dians, to be exchanged for the chief. On the way he suffered
exceedingly, and, had it not beén that a young savage
had become warmly attached to him, Mr. Jenkins thought
that he should have been massacred, and was almost
sure he should have been starved. But the young Indian,’
amidst rum and riot, for the eaptive’s sake kept himself sober
and calm, fed him, protected him. Arrived at Albany, the

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INDIAN ‘FIDELITY, 138

chief for whom:he was to have been exchanged had just died

of small-pox. The Indians insisted ;upon taking Mr. Jenkins

back with them. From their character and: conduct: he felt

certain that they intended to take his life, in revenge for that
‘of their ‘chief, the moment they were beyond the, reach of

pursuit. But he was still protected by. his savage: friend,

and found his way back, eventually, to his friends.. Mr. Jen-

kins was prompt ‘at-all: times to do. justice to his Indian

friends, though, from the cruelties. practiced in that vicinity,

the savages were generally: held in such detestation.

When General Scott arrived at the American encampment
in the Northwest, he found three Indian; prisoners under a
charge of murdering the whites, The evidence was slight,
and an application had been sent on to Washington to obtain
their release. But the President| had gone to the Hermitage,
and the Seeretary of War to Detroit... No answer, of course,
was obtained. In the mean, time, the cholera, broke out
among the American troops at. Rock river; many became
victims; one of the three Indians also took it and died.

The General, seeing the danger they were exposed to, de-
termine’ upon letting the two survivors out, of confinement,
and told them: if they would confine themselves to the island
in the river he would, permit them to go there, Their word
being pledged; he directed them to go to the extreme part of
the island, where they might. keep somewhat out of the way
of our troops. They accordingly repaired ‘to the quarter
designated, but they never once left the island, though they
might easily have! effected their ‘escape. Meantime the chol-
era spread and the danger thickened. . The General then told
them that he would, permit them to go to their tribe, upon

‘condition that they would: return to camp so soon as he gave
them notice that the cholera had disappeared. They assénted
to the terms and went home.

These men were under.a charge of murder, and might have
lost their lives had they been put upon trial. But notwith-
standing this circumstance, the moment General Scott had
determined to hold his great conference with the!Indians, he

205

 
 

  

14 TALES! AND) TRADITIONS.

informed the prisoners ‘that they must core in, which order
they did not: hesitate ‘to obey: .'They! repaired, among ithe
first of their brethren, to: the American éncampment.

The ‘reader: will like to bear that: they, were ‘ultimately

“acquitted, though one of them had: to:pledge himself to at-
tend asa witness against’ another Indian, who was. charged
with murdering the whites, This» duty, too, he fulfilled,
though at much inconvenience: to! himself. : ;

The story: of the highly noble race” of ‘aborigines, ‘the
Natchez, ‘is so full of a melancholy interest: that-its narration
always serves’ to enlist. sympathy for the Indian race... The
Natchez, at:the | time of the French domination in Louisiana
territory—1688+1762—were a powerful people, possessed of
many arts and-customs which clearly demonstrated their close

- alliance with those tribes: of South America! and Mexico whose

“magnificence of barbaric civilization has astonished the! world
and: confounded all speculations in the history. of the origimof
man’ The French in Louisiana, like the Spaniards in Mexico
and Peru, found-excuses to wage war upon the Natchez, and
carried on awar with the’ tribe until it actually was’ extermi-
nated. No people ever perished more suddenly and more:ef-

-fedctually ; and’ now, all that we have of their history is the
record)of their destruction, through; which record we catch
glimpses: of their native: greatness and ey develop-
ment in'a barbaric’ civilization. ‘

‘Bienville; the founder of the ‘first French sidan in ‘the
Louisiana territory, soon became acquainted with the Natchez,
and made it’ a study-to retain their friendship... His successor,

. Cadillac, a conceited scion of an old French family, disdained
 allallianée with the Indians, and took early occasion to insitlt
»the Natchez,-who' resented the: act by a murder of French |
‘emissaries in their midst.. To punish the tribe for this aict,

Cadillac dispatched Bienville with a small foree up the: river.
By stratagem: he succeeded in obtaining possession of a! num-
ber of their leading chiefs, whom he put to death as a recrim-
ination for the murder of the Frenchmen.) One of the number
was called Chief of the Beard, from the fact of his :having!,a

206

 

  
 

  

THE ‘CHIEFS OF “DHE BEARD. 15

long beard—a remarkable. cirenmstance;among Indians, whose
faces are always beardless. This savage, when, ledjout.to, be
shot, chanted a war-song which: has; been 'preserved., by Ga-
yarre, in his “ History of Louisiana.”|; We. quote from it, as
showing something of the intelligence-and nobility of nature
which marked this great but’ now extinct race.

“Let there be joy in the hearts.of; the Natchez! for a wit-
ted chief, worthy of the race.of their Suns; has, been, born to
them, in thee, my son; a noble chief, with beard on his chin!
Listen to the explanation of that prodigy. .,In days of.old, a
Natchez maid, of the race of their-Suns, was on a visit tothe
Mobilians.., There she ‘soon loyed.the youthful chief, of that
nation, ‘and her wedding-day was;nigh, when there came from
the big salt lake, south; “a host'of bearded, men,. who, sacked
the town, slew the red chief |with their thunder, and one, of
these accursed! evil-spirits,used’ violence tothe maid, when
her lover’s» corpse was hardly, cold, in,death:, She found, in
sorrow, her way: back to the Natchez. hills, where she, became
amother; and lo! ithe’ boy had beard on his chin! and when
he: grew: to nntlergthnd his mother’s words, she whispered in

his ear:
“Son of the Chiefs of the Beard,
Born from a bloody day, ,
Bloody be thy hand, bloody be thy life,
Until thy, black beard with blood becomes red.

“Let there be joy in the; hearts of. the Natchez! In my
first, ancestor, a long line of the best hunters, of chiefs, and
of warriors, of the,race, of their, Suns, had been born to them,
with; beard on their,chin! , What chase was ever unsuccess-
ful, when, over, it they presided ? When they spoke in the
council of’ the, wise men of, the nation, did it not always turn
out that their advice, whether adopted or rejected, was the

_best.in the end? In, what. battle, were they. ever defeated ?
When were they known to be worn out with, fatigue,. hard-
ships, hunger or thirst, heat or cold, either on land or on
water? Who ever could stem, as they, the rushing current
of the father cf rivers ? Who can count the numLer of scalps
which they brought from distant expeditions? Their names

(207

 

  
   

  

16 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

have always been famous in the wigwams of all the red, na
tions. They have struck terror into the boldest. breasts of
the enemies of’ the Natchez; and «mothers, wlien their sons
paint their bodies in the colors of war, say to them ;

“Fight where and with whom you please, ©
But beware,,oh! beware of the Chiefs of the Beard !
Give way to them, as you would to death,
Or their black beards with your blood will be red?

“Tet there be joy in the hearts of the Natchez!’ When the
first Chief'of the Beard first trimmed the’ sacred. fire in the
temple, 4 voice was heard, which said, ‘ As long as there lives
a chief, of the'tace‘of the Suns, with beard on his chin, ‘no evil
can happen to the Natchez nation; but if the white race should
éver résume the blood which it gave, in a bloody day, woe,
three times woe to the Natchez! of them nothing will remain
but the shadow of a name!’ 'Thus spoke the invisible prophet.
Years rolled on, years thick on years, andi none of the:ac-
cursed ‘‘white-faces were seen! ‘But, they appeared at last,
wrapped up in their pale skins, like shrouds ofthe dead; and
the father of my father, whom tradition had taught to guard
against the predicted danger, slew two of the hated strangers ;
and my father, in his turn, killed four!

“Praise be to the Chiefs of the Beard!
Who knew how to avenge their old ancestral injury!
When with the sweet blood of a white foe,
Their black béard they proudly painted red.”

There is something so proudly defiant, so inherently great,
in this savage chant, as the victim stood before his execu-
tioners, that it commands our admiration, and makes ‘us re-
gret that so much nobility as the ‘American’ savage has re-
‘peatedly betrayed, should have been permitted to waste itself
upon the battle-field and in the merciless ‘war of éxtermina-
tion. Perhaps if we had been more humane in out civilization,
the savage of the wilderness would have been less of the tiger
in his ferocity.

 
 
 
MR, LYBROOK’S: CHILDREN. 19

THE HEROIC DOG.

Catt it sagacity, instinct, or by ~whatever.name: we please,
there is a faculty of the brain possessed by some orders of
the animal creation which is so near akin, to reason that, it
would argue the possession of a considerable amount of critical
acumen on the part of him who-should attempt to. say. where
instinct ceases and reason begins. So, many .authentic in-
stances of canine intelligence are on record going, to. prove
that the dog, above all other animals, possesses the power of
intelligently associating cause and effect, that it would be the
work of supererogation to advance an’ argumentin favor, of
his reasoning capacity. How far the possession of this power
is limited by the size of the brain of the individual, is a subject
for the metaphysicians } it isienough for our present purpose,
that it is a generally conceded fact that the mastiff, of all the
canine: species, is the most intelligent ‘and judicious. The
Newfoundland dog, it is true, exhibits traits of character
and mind which have rendered him: famous}, but -for true
intelligence and readiness in time of danger, the mastiff is
ever the most reliable. i

The family of Mr. Lybrook, who settled on New river,
Giles county, Virginia, possessed a large and valuable dog
of the mastiff breed, which did good::service on one occasion
in saving the life of one of his» children ; ‘and in doing so,
exhibited a degree of sagacity which would have been credit-
able to one of the genus homo. | Mr. Lybrook’s children—J ohn,
a boy of ten or twelve, a brother: about:six, and his sister, of
some thirteen years of age—~were playing one morning in the
month of July, 1774, with other children-on the banks of New
river, when they were surprised by 4 party!of four Indians,
who succeeded in killing and scalping all, but John. and -his
sister.

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H
Ey

20 TALES | AND. TRADITIONS

On leaving the house, the children were accompanied by the
dog, who, feeling as desirous as they of a good play-spell, ran
bounding before them toward a sunny bank near the river,
which he knew to be their playground. They were at first
disposed to send him back; \but; finding ‘their efforts to that
effect unavailing, they gave up the attempt, and very fortu-
nately, as it ‘afterward proved. ac

When tired of play, the little ones had grouped themselves
on the bank, and while some were busy in building miniature
cabins under the roots of a pin-oak; others of the younger
ones were making sand-pies and mud-houses nearer the shore,
while the dog had strayed off, probably on the scent) of some
small game. While thus situated, and little dreaming of
danger, they heard a crackling in:the bushes, and) looked up,
expecting to see their good-natured canine companion come
bounding through the: underbrush—instead: of which, they
were terrified at beholding thepainted and otherwise hide-
ous face of an Indian peering at them over the top of a shrub
oak which grew by the'side of the path leading toward their
home. Their first impulse’ was to run toward a canoe ‘whick
lay on the edge of the stream, andin which they had. amused
themselves during’ the afternoon, childlike, thinking this their
only ark of safety. John had presence of mind enough, how-
ever, to endeavor:to reach home by running around: another
way. This the Indian was not satisfied to let him do, and
took after/him at the» top of his ‘speed!’ A. short: distance
would, of course, soonhave ended the race, but for a deep and
wide gulley which lay-across their path, and “which, when
John came to it, he ‘attempted to leap. It was twelve feet
wide where he made the attempt, and very deép.. Any one
not flying:for his ‘life would have hesitated, perhaps, before
essaying so great .a feat; but John, collecting allshis. power
into one tremendous: effort, cleared it. ata bound, and: the
Indian not: being’ prepared to follow, he escaped. » Meantime,
three other red-skins had followed the remaining \children into
the canoe, where they were huddled together! in an agony of
fear, and commenced to kill and scalp them. John’s sister,

212

 
THE DOG AND ‘THE INDIAN. 21
®
in the confusion, slipped out of the canoe, and making good

use of her feet, fled down the path toward home. The
Indian who had pursued John, returning from his race at this ,
moment, discovered her ere she was out of sight, and started
in pursuit. Tearing his approaching footsteps, the poor girl
gave vent to her fears ina series of heartrending shrieks,
which rung through the forest, and had the effect to recall
the straying dog, who came bounding through the wood, and
threw himself between his ‘young mistress and her pursuer.
The Indian, not liking ‘his appearance, endeavored to avoid
him; but, quick as the bolt from heaven, the faithful animal
sprung at his throat, and, although the savage tried to ward
his grasp, such was the dog’s certainty of spring, that they
both went tothe ground together. ‘Then commenced a series
of struggles between the Indian and his canine antagonist—the
one pulling, tearing and jerking at his enemy’s throat, while
the other endeavored in every way to loose his hold or to
stun him with his war-club. The dog had already received
one or two severe blows, when, apparently perceiving his dis-
advantage, he threw himself across the body of the Indian in
such a manner as to rest partly upon his right arm, and thus
avoid the blows. This was the result of reason.’ How else
could he so effectually shield himself, and still maintain his
ascendeney, as by throwing his body directly under the ‘arm
which was inflicting the blows, so that they must necessarily
pass over him? In this position he remained tugging at the
throat of his antagonist, until the other Indians, having finished
their bloody work, drove him off by a heavy blow on his head,
which nearly deprived him of life.

His young mistress had escaped, however, and the Indiaus
fearing pursuit, hastily gathered up their scalps, and taking
their wounded comrade upon their shoulders, décamped. The
dog, when he returned to consciousness, managed to crawl to
the canoe where lay the mutilated bodies of five of the
children, and laid himself down beside them, as though
determined to spend his little remaining’ strength in watehing
over and shielding them from further injury.

213

 
 

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22: TALES AND TRADITIONS,

‘When the parents, who had, been alarmed by John and. his
sister, came tothe spot, they found him still at his post

, endeavoring to recall, to life the mangled bodies. of his. play-

mates, by licking their, gaping wounds, and exhibiting the
most, affecting evidences of sorrow, at his want. of success.

Tenderly;and sadly the lifeless. remains of the murdered
innocents were removed; to the. cabins of their respective
parents for burial, and then and there went up a wail of sorrow
from the hearts of their bereaved relatives, which might have
moved the pity of the most.sayage; warrior to hear.:; One of
the little ones was yet unaccounted, for—the youngest Ly-
brook, Seareh was immediately instituted to find his hiding
place. . The dog, too, was. missing. In the hurry and con-
fusion. consequent.upon; the. removal; of the bodies, no note
had been taken of his. movements, and now he was nowhere
to be found.. When. the: party returned to the canoe, they
heard his pitiful howl in the adjacent woods, and upon going
to the spot, they found. the still faithful animal by the side of
the dying; boy, who had received a blow on. his head which
fractured his skull, and, was stripped of his sealp. Thus had
the noble mastiff remained true to the last.

A still more surprising instanceof the sagacity of the canine
race, occurred justi after the raising of the siege of Fort: Stan-
wix, in the Mohawk valley., Captain Gregg and a corporal
were out, shooting during the day,,when, as evening drew
near, they. prepared to. return,to the fort, parties of Indians
being known ‘to, still linger. in the vicinity... But a. flock of
pigeons alighting near,.them,, they were about to fire upon
them, when two shots were. heard, and Gregg saw his: com-
panion fall dead, while he felt .a wound in his own side which
so weakened him that; he speedily fell. Two Indians then
appeared from, thicket... Gregg,at once saw that, his. only
hope was to feign death.,.,Qne of the savages struck him in
the head ,with, a hatchet; and| then, with,a knife, drew a circle
around his crown, and-pulled off his scalp with his teeth. The
Indians them ,decamped;:and,.soon as they were fairly gone,
Gregg, although ,suffering terribly from. the wounds in his

214 : _

 
 

  

CAPTAIN ,GREGG. 23

side and head, endeayored, to, reach his,.companion, froma
belief that, could he place his head on the corporal’s body,
the, anguish of the wound, in. his head would be alleviated.
Making an effort to rise, he no sooner attained. his. feet, than
he sunk again; again he,made the' attempt; the, third time
he so far succeeded as to,,stagger. slowly to the spot where
his friend lay, whom he found lifeless.and scalped; He placed
his head upon the, bloody body, and;,.as; he expected, this po-
sition, afforded him some relief.

But his comfort, was destroyed by the annoyance of a small
dog, which had accompanied him in his expedition, who now
came up to himjin great, distress, leaping, yelping, and. whin-
ing about, his master.,;,Wearied by his efforts to force, the
dog from lim, he exclaimed, involuntarily : f

“Tf you, wish so much.to help me, go and call some one to
my relief.” '

To his surprise, the dog immediately bounded off through
the iorest at _his;utmost, speed.

The animal made,his way to where three men were fishing,
about a mile fromthe scene of the tragedy; and as he came up
to them, began |to cry and whine, and endeavored to attract
their attention by hounding off into, the woods, returning, and
urging them to follow him., They proceeded some distance,
and. finding nothing, while darkness. .was’.settling around,
making the forest dangerous, they determined to return. But
no, sooner did ‘they attempt to. retrace, their steps, than the
animal .began., to. cry, out..with almost: human_ earnestness,
caught hold of their coats with his teeth, and.endeavored to
force them to follow. As they continued to return his viod
lence increased, until the men; astonished at, his pertinacity, _
concluded to go with him... Presently they,;came to where
Gregg was lying, whom they found still living... They buried
the corporal and carried ;the captain into the fort.,; Surprising
as it may seem, the) wounds, of Gregg),healed up, and he
recovered his usual health.

It is not possible to read this extraordinary instance of

brute sagacity without) feeling that. nature has implanted in
215

 

  
 

24 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

the animal mind something’ more than mere instinct: We
see displayed by this mastiff not only great courage, but ‘a
persistence which seemed to indicate that: the animal knew
how much was dependent upon’ his overcoming the savage.
Then the manner in which’ the d6g conducted ‘the’ struggle
so as to avoid the war-club, would demonstrate beyond)a
doubt a canine reason scarcely to' be identified with any mere
physical: or mental instinct. .'The numerous: instances ‘of!
sagacious exhibition of powers of mind ‘demanding: reason
and combination for their’ explanation,’ gives: philosophers
plentiful data to build up doubts’ of ‘the'old' received opinion
that’ animals ‘are mere brutes, devoid of all ‘mental powers
save those of a purely animal nature.” The bear} the fox,
the horse, the elephant, the beaver, the squirrel, the deer, the
rat, the cat—all have powers not 'reconcilable at all with the
long-propounded opinion of their merely brute, instinctive
action.

Of the dog and his powers of mind; Dr. Lazarus says’:
The dog is, in every society founded like ours on individual
property, the vigilant guardian and heroic defender of ‘what
is called public order’and property. That citizen with hoarse
voice and tattered garments has a look rathér’suspicious for
property ; the dog stops him, rudely to ask his passport.
But as the majority has its principles, the minority also has
its own, and both have their dogs, whom they have taught
to venerate their institutions. The dog of the thief will
then profess, on matters of public order and commerce, prin”
ciples diametrically opposite to those of the magistrate’s dog.
The dog discusses no question of right—his duty is to obey
and keep quiet; he obeys without murmuring. The dog is
the finest conquest evermade by man. He is the first element
of human progress. Without the dog, man would have been
compelled to vegetate eternally in the limbos of the savage
state. It is the dog that causes society to pass from the
savage to the patriarchal state, by giving him the herd;
without the herd, no assured subsistence, no leg ‘of mutton

nor roast beef at will, no wool, no time to spare, no astro-
216

 
 

   

THE DOG AND THE ARAB ‘CHIEF. 25

nomical observations, no science, no arts.’ It isthe dog who
gives man these opportunities. “Phe ‘East /is* the eradle of
civilization, because the East is the country of the dog. Take
the dog from Asia, and Asia ‘is no more than’ Americas the
Roman, the Greek, the Eeyptian, the Chinese, then the tribes
of the Western continent.’ (Is not'Peru a brilliant exception ?)
To what, indeed, are limited ‘all the’ efforts’ of intelligence, _
all the labors of the Mohican, who ean live only by the chase ?
To study the great art of trackifig out and of following by
the scent the game or the enemy. Now; ‘a young hound
knows more of this difficult science after six monthis’ studies,
than the most skillfal savage in‘forty years of practice.’ The
indigenous races of the East who had the dog, have then been
dispensed with ‘giving themselves up to the painful labors
which absorbed all the time and all the’ficulties: of the red-
skins. They have had time to spare, and they could employ
it in creating industry. Here is the origin of arts and: trades,
the differénce between the old and new continents. »Histori-
ans have written thousands of ‘volumes upon this er ave’ ques-
tion without having discovered this’ very simple ‘truth, and
brave anatomists continue to disse¢t American skulls, to seek

in them the causé of the inferiority of this race,*without sus-

pecting that, they are a hundred leagues from the solution of
the problem. d

The novel work of Mr. Toussenel gives us many anecdotes
of the dog not recorded by the naturalists. This author re-
gards the dog as a sentient being, and discourses accordingly.
We may repeat some of his anecdotes, even though we may
reject his purely speculative hypotheses regarding the dog’s
mental manifestations. The author writes :

The hunting dog is often ‘seen running before the soldiers,
in company of the little boys, at the entrance of a regiment
into the city. It is because the regiment is the hearth of
friendship and of devotion—the two’ sentiments that vibrate
most strongly in the heart of the dog: similis simili gaudet.
The same reason explains the affaetion of the dog for infancy,

the age of equality, of friendship, of candor: ‘The ;spaniel
2b7

  
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26 TALES, AND..TRADITIONS.

has many troubles with the child on account of its long, lus-
trous, and silken’ ears,;which the latter loves to pull; but he
has also many! delights in regard to slices of bread and. but-
ter, and conformity of tastes. I should not be far from be-
lieving that there was much to be done for the colonization
of ‘Algiers by the organization of the dog, and especially, by
that of the township or commune,

The dog aspires to battles like the horse ; he is intoxicated
with the smell of powder, and goes into ecstasies of, gayety
at the sight, of a gun. I had one in Africa who as willingly
attacked the Arab asthe hare, and who perished as a victim
of ‘his passion for war., He was a charming animal—an ad-
mirable mixture of the brack and bull-dog; his ears had been
cut, but:in compensation he had a superb.tail, that curled like
a hunting bugle. One day, when a large party of Hadjouts
had surprised us poaching toward the fragrant, border of the
dark orange-masses jof.Allouya, just at the foot of.the Atlas,
and ~wlien the conversation in saltpeter grew warm, Bichebou
—it was the name of my companion in arms—amused himselt
in playing the shuttlecock between us and the enemy, running
at each shot'to see what we had killed.

To this’ exeusable vice of; curiosity the animal united, alas,
that of holding too fast to his master’s game, and of having
a hard tooth. It happened then that an Arab chief, superbly
mounted, fell in the direction of my piece ; the intrepid Biche-
bou thought his honor.at,stake in fetching him to me. | Per-
haps success might ;haye crowned the attempt with a dead
enemy, but this one was not so; he was only winged in his
right atm, and seizing in his left, his terrible yataghan, he
dealt his aggressor a huge wound in the side... Poor Biche-
bow! I think Ivstill see you stretched upon the red arena, ex-
tending to me, in.sign.of last adieu, and without moving your
head, your. bloody paw,,and with look and tail saluting me
with a last caress; then, trying to rise once more at the well-
known sound .of my piece, and: falling, back .exhausted with
the ‘effort: . They, say,,over there that I have avenged his
death ; it is not impossible—I have looked to that

218

 

 

 

 
 

HUNTING DOGS: az

The chase with running dogs began one day when man
was very much at a loss what to do with himself... It isa
long time'ago. It was some ages after the Edenie period, on
the banks of the Indus or Ganges, the Tigris or the Euphra-
tes, in full patriarchal. Man had gathered in his harvests;
he was no longer in love, and knew not what to turn’ his
hand to. . Then he took his dog aside—his dog of the herd—
and said to him: It seems to me that we have been very
good hitherto to suffer the ‘hyenas, the wolves and the jack-
als to come to carry off our sheep and ourfowls from, amid
our dwellings. Might we not in turn push a little reconnois-
sanee among these incorrigible enemies, and retaliate on, them?
The dog, who had laid his head on his master’s knees; to read
in his eyes and feel his words, made one bound, frum his place
to the door of the tent—an, eloquent manner of answering
that this. warlike proposition fulfilled his dearest wishes,
And then‘he ‘confided to his master, that hardly'a day passed,
but in conducting his sheep to,pasture, or in’ reconnoitering
near them, he meets some defenseless leveret, some timid! pig,
some innocent game or other, which he. amused, ‘himself. in
hunting for diversion, and also to vary his nourishment.a
little. Moti

Up to that time he had said nothing to his master, but-he
did not less ardently sigh for the hour when it should be per-
mitted him to lay aside his pastoral functions to give himself
up to the full spring of his dominant passion: A treaty: was
immediately concluded between the man and the beast, whose
conditions were that the dog should undertake the, hardest
and thorniest.,part ‘of; the: task, on account of which should
be conceded to him, asthe price of ‘his assistance, the entrails
of the victims. Dating from this day, a great, number of
dogs, and these the most honorable, have refused ‘any other
employment than that of the chase.

Of his own! dog, Castagno, this piquant; Frenchman tells
several. anecdotes, which, 7/ true, certainly give us ‘reason to
doubt all of our hitherto received ;explanations. of canine na-

ture and mentality. M. Toussenel relates: ’
219

 
 

 

28 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

The setter has far too much intelligence. I: know some
that abuse it‘ odiously to exploit the credulity of their mas-
ters. My rogue Castagno “is of this number. I desire that
these lines may not come to his hearing. Once, when I had
winged'a water-hen that swam to an islet covered with reeds
in the midst of the Seine, I requested Monsieur Castagno, by
voice and gesture, to make perquisition’ in the said place.
The water was cold, the stream was rough with floating ice.
The winter bath didnot appear, this day, to be to the taste
of the cunning beast. He, however, pretended to obey me,
and directs his steps in a small trot toward the bank; but
doubtless he met in his course a piece of glass bottle ora
sharp stone, for he suddenly utters a plaintive whine, and
limps back to me, raising his right foot.

‘Lhave a master; it is to make use of him. Castagno is
in’ the habit of recurring to my assistance for this sort of ac-
cidents. I then examine and feel the painful limb in every
point; impossible to find the slightest scratch. ‘The animal
has lied. To the water, do you see, and quick; and pretend-
ing a serious indignation, and taking out my whip, I strike
the air with energy. The liar runs off on all ‘his legs, com-
plaining bitterly of the whipping I have not given him, hav-
ing taken great care, as I always do, to strike aside.

Having come to the edge of the water, he wets his foot
there and trembles through his whole body, and turns toward
me, imploringly, ‘a last; look.

Have I softened? ‘It is possible, for here he comes creep-
ing wp to me, to finish my defeat ; but, unfortunately for him,
the wretch could not tell a straight lie to the end. Just now,
you recollect, it was the right foot that limped—now it is the
left’; the fear of the lash has taken away his memory. The cheat
was too visible, and I got’angry in earnest at this last piece of
impudence ; but the traitor perceived his own awkwardness
first, and finding his trick discovered, he takes his part brave-
ly, leaps into the freezing waves, looks out the game, brings
it and lays it at my feet with an air of vexation, seeming to

say: a I thought you less of a rake than that.

 

 

 
 

THE SETTER, CASTAGNO. 29
af

Then, without losing, time, he sets off in full gallop,,on his
four feet, for a field where he has seen some stacks of grain—
straw towels, whoseuse he knows perfectly well, and returns
to mein a few minutes with his skin dry;and shining;

It, is a certain way of considerably humbling Castagno to
remind him of this event, though ,he persists in pretending
that any one else than his master would have been taken in
the snare. The same. fellow, since he has remarked that I
sometimes use the leaves of the “Spirit. of the Times” to
wad my gun, never enters a house) in the village without lay-
ing his grip on all the almanacs:, He is a well-trained setter,
that never flushes in the fields—was raised:in Vendee, where
the pheasant is unknown. . I ask. myself, then, where he has
learned that two or three light barks are sufficient to make a
pheasant fly up from the ground on a tree ; for after hunting
two months in a forest, where pheasants abound, Castagno
was not ashamed to use this method of the basset any, more
than to steal partridges out of the.game-bags of my com-
panions and, bring them, to me.. One of my friends, who
knew the rogue thoroughly; and had more than once been a
victim of his tricks, has surnamed him Rodin., One of Cas-
tagno’s favorite sports is to hide the hunting-whips, instru
ments.of which he has had cause to, complain, it would seem,

‘in his youth. _When the scamp is too. far, before me in,,the

woods or field, and I permit myself to regall. him, his first
impulse, the best, is to obey me; but doubtless he reflects
afterward that; it may be dangerous. to allow a:master to ac-
quire'a bad ‘habit, for he suddenly pretends, to have got a
scent of game, and,stops motionless ina posture of interro-
gation and ina half set.; It is a mode. of proceeding that
means to say: My master, you see that I am fastened, here
by my countersign, and that it is impossible for me to obey
your orders; could you not give yourself the trouble to come
tome? NowT have hardly caught up with him, when he
breaks his set, and observes to me, with an air of perfect
frankness, that it was only an old scent, and that he is very

sorry to have called me for so small an affair! But, I have
221

 
30 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

come three-quarters of the way, and the idle fellow has spared
his trouble. He asked no more.

I have often invited Castagno to vary this mystification,
which he abuses; he unfortunately sticks to it, and finds it
always excellent. “Charming gossip he is besides, powerfully
titled in cabalism, and pushing the corporate spirit even to
fanaticism.

Once, when Charles Dain, the brilliant orator, the eloquent
and impassioned painter of tropical nature, was relating to
us a dramatic episode of the Antilles—the history of a hunter
of Martinique, saved from the bite of a trigonocephalus by
the devotion of his dog—Castagno, who had seemed to take
an immense interest in the'relation, did not await the end of
it, to offer to the narrator the energetic expression of his per-
sonal satisfaction. And ‘since that day he never meets the
orator without renewing the assurance of his sympathies and
gratitude. At every meeting it is a siege of caresses, and
all sorts of affectionate demonstrations, that seem to ‘say’:
Ah, whet will you tell us another of those beautiful hunting
stories that you tell so delightfully ?

This will do for dog stories. If this article induces’ the
reader to regard the dog more kindly, it is well to add’ that
there should be discrimination even in love of the dogs. So
riany of the race are such uniitigated nuisances, such public
pests, that we have often urged a general ‘slaughter of the
entire canine population of the States, rather than endure
their disgusting habits’ and vicious propensities. It is only
the occasional appearance of a truly noble and: highly intelli-
gent dog that saves the race from malediction. If, therefore,
the reader will own dogs, let him be sure to choose one wor-
thy of his place as a household pet and companion.

222

 

 
 

 

THE BRITISH AT PERTH AMBOY $1

THE WOMAN CAPTURING THE HESSIAN,

Wut the’British were in possession of the city of New
York, large bodies of troops Were stationed upon Staten Tsl-
and, and in the vicinity thereof, and that part of the State of

‘New Jersey embraced within a circle of ten or twelve miles

from Perth Amboy, was the favorite foraging-ground of the
royal troops. Numerous are the traditions preserved among
the families and descendants of the sufferers from their’ rav-
ages—of the midnight excursion, the bloody skirmish,’ the
hasty retreat, or the rapid pursuit, as thé various patrolling
parties of British soldiers, Hessian hirelings, and American
militia met on this, the bloody neutral ground of New Jersey.

Dunlap, in his “ History of the Arts Of Design,” describes
some of the scenes to which he was ar eye-witness “while a
boy, at Perth Amboy, in the following language: “Here was
tobe seen a party of Forty-second Highlanders in national
costume, and there a regiment of Hessians, their arms and
dress a perfect contrast to the first. The slaves of Auspach
and Waldech were there—the first somber as night, the sec-
ond gaudy as noon. Here dashed by a party of the Seven-
teenth dragoons, and there scampered'’a party of Yagers.
The trim, neat, and graceful English grenadier ; the careless
and half-savage Highlander, with his flowing robes and naked
knees, and’ the immovably stiff German, could hardly be
taken for parts of one army. Here might be seen soldiers
driving in cattle, and others guarding wagons loaded with
household furniture, instead of the"hay and oats they had
been sent for!

The landing of the grenadiers and light infantry from the
ships which transplanted the troops from Rhode Island; their
proud march into the hostile neighborhood, to’ gather ‘the
produce of the farmer for the garrison’ the ‘sound of ‘the

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$2 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

musketry, which soon rolled back upon us; the return of the
disabled veterans who could retrace their steps; and the
heavy march of the discomfited troops, with their wagons of
groaning wounded, in the evening, are all impressed upon
my mind, as pictures of, the eva and soul-stirring scenes of
war. ;

So frequent were these incursions,.so dangerous was this
proximity to the; enemy’s stronghold, that frequently whole
neighborhoods were left without the protection, of a, solitary
able-bodied, man. All who were capable. of shouldering.a
musket either, were enrolled, in. the ranks of the. army, or
banded;together, in, small. companies. of independent. militia,
which jwere, constantly patrolling the country in the-hope of
cutting off the foraging parties..of, the British.. The women
who were left, at home, in constant fear of attack, and never
knowing when the brutal soldiery might, make their appear-
ance, constantly; kept,a horse in, harness; ready at a moment’s
warning to hitch up to, the wagon, into which, they would
throw such valuables,.as the exigency of the case, would al-
low them. to seize, and start for the; mountains, some miles
distant, where they would remain until.the threatened danger
was averted, or the troops had departed. ‘They, however,
sometimes exhibited a spirit worthy, of the wives and daugh-
ters of revolutionary sires and husbands, and many incidents
are related of their daring and courage. ;

On one, occasion a young, woman, whom I shall call Nancy
Field, was,going from her own ;-home in Woodbridge to the
house of a friend at the other end, of the willage. ‘She had
been urged by her mother not. to trust, herself out of doors,
as a,party of soldiers had but just passed through the place,
and there was great danger that some straggler might still
be;lurking. in the rear, Whose respect, for persons might not
be so great as to prevent him from abusing the fair] Nancy,
should she fall,into his hands, .But.she, being of a bold and

_ daring disposition, and fearing no danger, determined to go
upon, her errand. She;did so ; and,:as she was passing a de-

_Serted house, she observed some one moving about in.one of
; 224

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Woman Capturing the Vessian. of
 

 

 

 

 

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NANCY).FIELD’S PRISONER. 85

the lower rooms. . Being attracted by curiosity to know who
could -be;an inmate, of the, empty dwelling, she approached
the window and looked in. Her gaze rested upon the figure
of a half-drunken, Hessian soldier, who had straggled from
his company, and was engaged in rummaging,among the odds
and ends which lay,scattered about on! the floors,and in the
cupboards of the deserted. mansion. Fora moment, Naucy
was disposed to run; but, reflecting that: in his halfmaudlin
state the soldier was not.so very dangerous, and) thinking that
now was’presented an-opportunity of exhibiting her courage,
she turned her steps: homeward, There, investing herself in
a suit of her brother’s clothes, and, shouldering an old rusty
firelock which had been cast aside as useless, she returned. to
where she had left the Hessian. Carefully recfm@itering the
premises, she discoyered that he had lit ‘his, pipe, prgierse
having a quiet smoke in the chimney corner, sitting gti bun-
dle which:he had made up. Entering the house, she ‘made
boldly at him, and, presenting her firelock, demanded. his im-
mediate surrender. The first impulse of the drunken German
was to seize his musket, which lay upon:the floor; before him,
but, in his endeavor'to. reach it, he tumbled over upon all
fours, and having still sense enough left to see his apparent
danger, he exclaimed, in pitiful'tones:; “I gifs up; mein Got!
don’t shoot, I gifs up.”). Whereupon Nancy took possession
of his musket, and ordered him to get up and march. Stag-
gering to his feet, the captive, in the humblest manner, be-
sought his captor not to kill him, Nancy, in imperative
tones, ordered him to move on, which the, poor fellow was
perfectly willing to do, provided he knew whither his captor
would lead. him. . This was a stickler, for now that, Naney
had secured her prisoner, she did not know what to do. with
him. Luckily she bethought herself of,a. pieket).of Ameri-
cans, Which she had heard was stationed two,or three miles

from the village, to whom she determined to deliver her charge, ,

and ordered him to move in that direction.,. Fortunately, be-
fore she had proceeded far on the way, she met, a, patrol, to

whomishe delivered him up, glad to be rid.of her charge.
227

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36 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

Anxious’to verify this incident, I paid a visit, recently; ‘to
the venerable Mr. Kinsey, of Woodbridge, who is‘now in‘his
eighty-sixth year, and ‘who, notwithstanding his advanced
age, remembers. distinctly scenes which occurred when he
was a boy. ‘He informed me that he did not recollect: the in-
cident above related, but that an aunt?of his, named Grace
Kinsey, performed’ a somewhat similar feat: A Hessian sol-

dier left the ranks’ of his ‘company, entered her-house, and

commenced | to break’ open her chest» of drawers “or bureau.
Observing ‘that’ his musket was: carelessly deposited: out of

‘his reach, she seized it, and, charging upon~him, threatened

to: blow him through unless he surrendered; which he imme-

diately did. This I should have «supposed: to: have been the
‘original ofWNdney’s exploit, were it not that the’ maim” facts

of ‘that story were taken from ‘a paper published in that vi-

-cinity at the time it occurred. 2

We have preserved: among our own family recordsi 7
instances illustrative of ‘the! nerve of these women of)?7
The family of General Thomas Nash resided at White Plains
during the time referred) toabove, when the’ British occupied
New York city. The proximity of /;White Plains to.’ the
“neutral ground” between the American lines above Yonkers
and Kingsbridge, on the Harlem river, rendered it a position
of extreme peril, for the British. made. frequent visits to that
locality; in: their foraging and marauding expeditions, while
the ““Cowboys” were'sure to extend their marauds to that
section upon every practicable ogcasion.” In’consequence; the
family of so noted a pattiot‘as General Nash ‘suffered much,
and‘the wife found herself, ere long, stripped’ of every thing
like bari stock except'a few chickens and ‘a single cow, which
the resolute’ womanpreserved in the cellar ofthe house: On

~one! dccasion this cow was’ ‘seized and taken to the camp of
‘theenemy, near’at hand, for slaughter! ‘Mrs: Nash followed

the soldiers, seized the cow by the horns, and led it away—

the British'¢ommander admiring her pluck’ so much as to for-

bid the'men to' molest her. At another time’ she was visited

at — bya company of Cowboys, who, discovering the
228

 
 

MRS. NASH AND THE TROOPERS. 37

chickens at, roost. up in‘a, tree near the house, sent one of.their
number up.to seize,them. Mrs. Nash was on. the alert, and,
bringing her; ever-ready,musket to, bear, shot into. the tree;
Her aim. had been. good, for the Cowboy. tumbled to the
ground, and his comrades, seizing his body, scampered away
as fast as possible; doubtless supposmg that other, muskets
were ready for them. _ General Nash used frequently to visit
his home. On one. occasion he was pursued. by a body of
cavalry. His wife, discovering their approach, gave the
alarm, and the General passed out of a rear door as the horse-
men rode, up the lane to surround the house. ..The troopers
entered and, ransacked the building from top to. bottom, dis-
covering the cow in the cellar, but no “ rebel.” officer... Mor-
tified.and angered at, the escape of their prey, the English
visited their indignation upon the patriot’s wife, by cursing
her husband and his cause... This stirred, the hot blood in her
veins.

“ Cowards,” she exclaimed, “ always take advantage of a
braye man’s absence to insult his wife. ; Your king does well
to employ,such creatures as you, fox, honorable men would
abandon. a'cause, which requires Hessian mercenaries and jail-
birds to, fill its ranks: . Begone, or I will,surely scald you.”

Seizing a kettle from the fire, which had been placed there
to prepare her husband’s tea, she actually drove the troopers
from the room and closed the door in their faces. .The men
swore, and threatened to fire the premises, but. the officers in
charge acknowledged the justness of the brave woman’s re
proof by ordering the troop to mount and away.

Numerous ingtances similar to the above are preserved: in
the family, of Mrs: Nash’s courage, and resolute manner of
overcoming, adverse circumstances. She preserved her cow
through the entire period of the war, and lived for many
years to enjoy. the fruits of her sacrifices for her country’s
sake. '

The wife of Governor Griswold, of.,Connecticut, was, a
woman of nerve and presence of mind... On more than, one

occasion she was'called upon to exercise both. _The Governor,
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38 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

being an’ uncompromising “rebel;” of ‘course Was very ob:
noxious to’ the’ British. Sevéral attempts were''made for
his capture.’ At one time it was proposed to seize him a day
or two before he ‘should depart for Hartford, where the Le-
gislature was in session. The Griswold residence was at
Blackhill, opposite Saybrook Point, and situated on the point
of land formed by Connecticut river on the east, and ‘Long
Island sound on the south.” British ships were lying’ in the
sound ; and as the Governor was known to be at’ this time in
his own mansion, a boat was secretly sent ashore for the pur-
pose of securing his person. Without previous warning, the
family were Alniaba by seeing ‘a file of marines coming up
from the beach to the house. “phere was ‘no’ time for flight.
Mrs. Griswold bethought herself of a large meat-barrel, or
tierce, which had been brought in a day or two before} and
was not yet filled. Quick “as thought, she decided that the
Governor’s proportions—which were by no means slight—
must be compressed into this, the only available hidirig-place.
He was obliged to submit to be stowed’ in the cask ‘and’ covy-
ered.’ The process oceupied but a few moments,.and’ the
soldiers presently entered. Mrs. Griswold was of course in-
nocent. of all. knowledge’ of her husband’s ‘whereabouts,
though she told them she well knew the Legislature'was: in
session, and that business required his presence at'the ¢apital.
The house and cellar having ‘been searched ‘without ‘success,
the soldiers departed." By the time their boat reached ‘the
ship, the Governor was galloping up the road’ on his way 0
Hartford.

The operiing of the Revolition found in London Mrs: Wright,
a Pennsylvania woman; of considerable talent-as a modeler of
likenesses ‘and figures in wax,’ who had: gone tothe British
capital in furtherance of her fortunes: * She*was' well received,
and soon obtained a good position in ‘society. King George
III, pleased with her talents, gave her liberal encouragement,
and, finding’her'a great politician, and ‘an enthusiastic répub-
lican, would oftén enter into discussion relative: to passing

Seétirrences;‘and endeavored to refute her opinion with regard
230

 

 

 
 

MRS. WRIGHT AND GEORGY, THE THIRD. 39

to the probable ‘issue of the war. The frankness with which
she deliverdd her sentiments seemed rather to please than to
offend him; which,was a fortunate, circumstance, for, when
he asked an-opinion, she gave it. without constraint, or the
least. regard to. consequences. I,remember, to have heard her
say; thation one occasion, the monarch, irritated. by some dis-
aster to his troops, where he had ‘prognosticated a triumph,
exclaimed, with warmth; “I wish, Mrs..Wright, you; would
tell me how jit;will be possible, to check, the silly infatuation
of your-countrymen, restore them to reason, and render them
good and obedient subjects.”

‘<I consider their submission to your majesty’s government
is now altogether out of the question,” replied Mrs. Wright ;
“ friends you may make them, but; never subjects ;, for Amev-
ica; before a king can reign there, must, become a wilderness,
without any other inhabitants than the beasts jof the forest.
The opponents, of the decrees of your parliament, rather than
submit, would perish to a,manj; but if the restoration of
peace be seriously the object of your wishes, I am confident
that it needs but the striking off of three heads to produce it.”

‘Oh, Lord North’s and Lord ;George Germain’s, beyond
all question; and where is the third head ?” .

“Oh, sir, politeness forbids me to name him. , Your-ma-
jesty could) never wish me, to forget myself, and be guilty, of
an incivility.?

In: her exhibition room, one group. of figures particulests
attracted ,attention; and. by. all. who,,knew her. sentiments,
was believed to bea pointed-hint at .the results which, might
follow the wild) ambition of the monarch... The, busts..of the!
king and queen of Great Britain were placed on a, table, ap-
parently intently.gazing on a head, which a figure, an, excel-
lent representation of herself, was modeling in. its.lap., It
was the head.of' the unfortunate Charles, the, First, who had
perished: on the! scaffold! What a,lesson the. artist taught
in that little tableau !

Atthe darkest, period of the war for independence, New

Jersey was full of British soldiers, and Lord Cornwallis was
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40 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

stationed at Bordentown. He visited Mrs. Borden one day,
at her elegant mansion, and’ made an effort to intimidate her.
He told her that if''’she’ would persuade her husband and son,
who were then in the’ American army, to join his forces, none
of her property should’ be destroyed 5 but if she refused to
make such exertions, he would burn her house and lay: waste
her wihidle estate. ‘Unintimidated and ‘patriotic, she made
the folldwing bold reply, which caused ‘the ‘execution! of the
threat! “The sight’ of my house in flames would be a treat
to me, for T have seen énough to know that you never injure
what you have power to keep and enjoy.’ The application of
a torch to my dwelling I should regard as the signal for your
departite.” And such it was.

We Have before us a private journal kept by the wife of
an officer ih! the continental ‘army during his absence. The
lady lived on Long‘ Island, on a farm lying back from Astoria,
on the Est river ; and as, after Washington’s defeat-on Long
Island, August 29th, 1776, the country round about Brooklyn
was given ‘up to British occupation, the lady. witnessed many
things worthy of record. Her journal has been published;
and, as it presents a true picture of the times, we make a few
extracts for our readers” profit ‘

1776) Dee. 30th. The ‘year has’ closed disastrous) gloomy 5
panic ahd despair reign in many a°breast. ~All the future is
uncertain ; none can foretell what another year’may bring
forth!” Our great commander ‘is still diopeful; although he
prays Congress for more effort and assistance, he never speaks
a discouraging word as tothe result of the struggle. If
Congress would appropriate more money, and men could be
enlisted ‘on longer terms, say during the war, and properly
equippéd, greater things could be done. Now, ‘no sooner are
they organized, arid become a little drilled, than: the term of
enlistment expires, and raw recruits take their place.

1777. Monday. Our trials in this quarter, I have no doubt,
appear to you trifling and insignificant. - In comparison with
the great sacrifices and noble deeds now enactingron a broader

field, they are so. Nevertheless, they are irritating and
232

 

 

 
 

BANDITS OF ‘THE REVOLUTION. 41

exasperating in the extreme, and hard to be borne. Were I to
undertake to relate the injuries, insults, horrors, and. suffer-
ings our poor fitters are subject to, I should never finish
the story They take the fence rails to burn, so thatthe
fields are all-left open, atid'the cattle stray away and are often
lost; burn fires all night’'on the ground, and. to, replenish
them go into thé’ woods and’ cut dowmall the young saplings,
thereby destroying thé growth of ages. ; But worse than all,
robbers come ver from the main shore in boats, and keep us
in constant ‘alarm.’ They belong to no party, and spare none;
freebooters, cowardly! midnight: assassins, incendiaries, indis-
criminate, bold’ and ‘daring.’ “Their hand is against every
man, and every man’s hand is against them.”

We have been spared, ‘as yet, on account of the Hessians
and officer which’are quartered here, whonii they fear... Thus,
“some strangé: comfort every state attends.”

James Parker, a farmer near by, was driving, home late
last evening, from the town’; the night was uicommonly dark.
He passed a large tree; behind it stood: aman with a loaded
gun. _A voice ordered'the traveler to stop; it) was unheeded,
The robber fired and hit him; he fell off his seatand expired.

The horses took fright, and running three:miles, came toa
noted tavern kept by Increase Carpenter, where they stopped
under a shed, and stood still until morning, when they were
discovered with their sad burden, the dead man. ‘The goods
in the wagon were of course untouched, owing tothe horses
running away. ' The indignation of the people is without
bounds, and very active measures of defense are talked. of.

Friday. The farmers have devised a scheme to make known
through the ‘neighborhood the presence: of ‘the ‘ Runners.”
They are generally seén lurking about at twilight, spying the
points most favorable ‘for attack; if observed, théy walk on
in an unconcerned manner, whistling or singing. Sometimes
they will stop, ‘and’ inquire the way to ‘some place; suddenly
disappearing, they’ aré unexpectedly seen ‘again in the edge
of the wood, or from béhind a haystack im the field, peering

about, terrifying everybody, above all; women andichildren.
233

 
 

   

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42 TALES AND: }TRADITIONS,;-

Thesé signs are not to be mistaken... We are on our guard ;
the “¢reat gun” with which all are provided, is loaded and
fired off. Pop! pop! go the answering guns for, fiye miles
round; each house takes up the alarming talepand thus it
spreads, warning of impending danger, and frightens away
he enemy, for that time at any rate.

Aug. 14th. Neighbor: Pattison, of his peace-loving spirit,
and horror of the ‘ murderous weapon,” -hath, made a large
conch-shell do the office of a gun; it makes.a noble sound,
and being close in our vicinity,’ is a’ well-known signal.
Charles no sooner hears it than he is onthe alert ; out comes
papa’s rusty great gun, whose loud report is. soon responded
to by the whole neighborhood.

Monday. On every Monday, exercising is practiced oppo-
site our house. ‘To-day, when the maneuvering was over, a
man who had been found sintoxicated: the, night before was
Stripped and whipped severely, with a ratan, till the blood
streamed down his back.’ Oh, it is dreadful. to witness such
horrors! | I fled from the sight, but the heart-piercing cries
of the poor creature followed me. I could no longer refrain
from running out of the house, and begging them to desist.
They paid no attention, and closed the gate upon me. The
ratan struck his cheek, perhaps. by accident, cut it open, and
it bled terribly, I screamed out “‘murpER!” They were star-
tled, and stopped. The appealing look of gratitude I received
from the poor: maimed! soldier was sweet. reward. Mary
Pattison, whose sympathy for the suffering never failed, took
the poor creature in ; commiserating his pitiful condition, she
dressedvhis wounds, which were. frightfully deep, and, like
the good Samaritan, poured i in the oil of consolation.

1778. Monday. There is an_old proverb which saith, “ It
is an ill wind which blows nobody good.” The Hessians and
soldiers: billeted about. here for six months past left to-day for
the mainland campaign, and the robbery, from which we have
for‘some time been exempt, will now go on again. The vil-
lains feared the soldiery ; dreadful tax as it is to keep them,

it'is nothing in comparison to the other evil.
- 6234

 

 
 

WASHINGTON AND THE QUAKERS. 48

1780. Monday. This neighborhood is. still infested with
the odious Hessians. They are so filthy and lazy, lounging
about all day long, smoking and sleeping. «The :patiencé of
the good Friends is inexhaustible: . After filling up their par-
lors, kitchens, and bedrooms, the whole winter, with: chests,
liquor-casks, hammocks, bird-cages, guns, boots, and powder-
flasks, they were last: week ordered to,Jamaica.) ‘Oh, the-re-
joicing! It would flash out of the eye, though their discreet
tongues spake it not.

The moment the Hessians took their léave, Friend Pattison
caused the broken places in the wall to be: repaired; for the
Colonel’s lidy had the room ornamented all around with
stuffed parrots, perched on’ sticks driven in the wall. The
quarterly meting of the Society is nearat hand. They ex-
pect friends a: d. relations to stop with’ them, and) make pre-
parations for tl eir reception.

Well, all wer putting their houses in order, when the ap-
palling news spread like wildfire, ““ Zhe Hessiansiare-coming
back !” ty

Running to the window, ‘I deseried: them» in the» dis-
tance like a cloud ot'locusts, dusty and dim; but the fife and
drum, assailing our ews, if we needed additional’ evidence,
convinced us that it/was too true. They had indeed been or-
dered back. How many tears of vexation I shed!

Thursday. No news of. importance.) A‘ deputation of
Friends. was sent last montis to a place called Nine Partners,
about twenty miles east of the Hudson river.. Henry Patti-
son was oné of the number; h2 gives a very interesting : ac-
count of their progress: They crossed the water ‘to’ Mama-
roneck, and: proceeded :to "White Plainse ‘They had some
questioning to undergo from the enemy, as they were obliged
to pass the Continental lines; ‘and. coming from Long Island,
where the British power is supreme, they had fears of being
stopped ; still, believing themselves to:be in’ the way of their
religious duty, they persevered. | They:passed near General
Washington’s, head-quarters. On ‘approaching, they were

stopped, examined severely, and handed over to the Committee
285

 
 

 

44 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

of Safety, which declared they ¢ould not allow them. to\pro-
ceed consistently with the orders they had:received.

They then désired that: General Washington might: be in-
formed. of their detention, and requested that he would give
them an! interview. It was!igranted; they were received
with marked deference and respect.’ It is the custom»of this
peculiar sect to speak with moderation, never in strong terms,
either'incondemnation or praise, complimentary langnage be-
ing specially disapproved of. But I can gather from their
quaint, though guarded phrase, that they were much struck
with the elegance and dignity of General Washington’s) per-
son and:address.

Friend Pattison admitted that: he was a) likely man, and
conducted with great) propriety—as much ‘praise .as)' they
could be expected to bestow upon “a fighting character.”

After politely requesting them to) be seated, the- General
made close inquiry relating to the British force on the island.

His) manner being calculated to inspire confidence, they
very candidly told all they knew, and acquainted him’. with
some facts before unknown ‘to him.

General Washington inquired where they passed the night,
and: said) he was entirely convinced, from his, knowledge of
their Society,:and of the person with whom \they tarried;
that their object was,/as they represented, entirely religious.
He apologized for their detention, saying it seemed unavoid-
able, and if they returned the same way, he should be happy
to hear of their success ini seeing their friends.

When the humble company entered the General’s presence.
anaid’ stepped up and hinted to them the propriety of remov-
ing their hats: Heury Pattison said: “In presence of God;
in prayer alone, do. we: bow. the uncovered:‘head.' Before
kings, or the mightiest of earth’s potentates, this respect is
not shown. In His sight, there'is no respect of persons; in
ours, all men are bretliren.”

General Washington said he was/well acquainted with their
customs, and some of his best friends were of their body. He

advised them to go forward, and always plainly tell the truth.
236

 
 

TIDINGS OF PEACE. 45

On their return; passing again near the, camp, they availed
themselves of General: Washington’s invitation. .He;appeared
deeply interested:in their relation.of what they, had, seen and
heard, and dismissed them with’ kind; assurances, of, regard,
réquesting them!to represent to the,enemy whatever, they
chose, as he knew they would tell only,the onibaie which. he
was willing tortrust:

1782. Awg.L0th. News of Levid North’s peice of the
office of Prime Minister, and the forming a new e¢abinet, who
advise his majésty to discontinue, the war., Glorious news!
Heaven grant it may be'true. . It.is,certain the war hag proved
but great loss of life and tiéasure, without any real.gain to
English ‘valor, or concession on the part of the Colonies,

Faces of men, women and children, byighten with expecta-
tion of better times... May their hope be;not again, over-
clouded! In war there is'not.a gleam of light to illuminate
the’darkness. Its»practi¢es yare adverse, to, the law. of. con-
science, and lacerating-to the feeling heart.

We are ready to shout the pean, of victory, to exult afar
off in the triumph, arid to cheer onjthe conflict.. But could
we witness: the? heart-sickening; details, see, the loathsome
-reality; hear the piercing: groan, the horrid ,imprecation,, the
fiendish laugh; «wei )should,;“ rejoice; with. trembling,”,and
mourn the necessity while,we,return|thanks for, the, victory.

Then let us ‘pause iin silence, and, while the. good, angel. of
our thoughts brings to. ourirecollection.the frightful Gorgon-
brood of evils which follow in the train of War, pray, with-
out ceasing that Péeaéd may: come and reign im our land,

April23/The: cry of peace resounds! ; The news came
to-day. The! children’ ran from, school, dismissed, by the

-téacher, that ‘all might share in the; general joy, ‘They are
told that ‘some great» good’ has, happened, they know, not
what. The time will come when, they will. experience, and
treasure! it:’s the: highest, favor mnnohaNtesy by a kind, Provi
“dence. | Godbe praised !>
The soldiers and Hessians are moving off j in bands, and the

sick are left’ behind, to. follow),after.,,, Many of, the poor
287

 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  

46 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

creatures’ have formed attachments, and the ities of kindness
and gratitude are hard to break:: The human heart, of whatever
clime or station, wil respond to good treatment; and it is
cheering and delightful to observe that, in spite of the great-
est personal inconvenience, by patience and: good offices, we
may awaken ititerest'and gratitude in those beneath us.

Many of them begged to be permitted to,remain, in some
menial capacity’; but the ties of kindred. prevailed with the
greater part.

This diary, it will be perceived, is couched. in a. spirit, of
trust in God which makes its -patriotic utterances all, the
more impressive. ‘Unquestionably the religious ¢lement was
largely ‘developed among the leading’classes during the great
struggle for our independence. The men of .’76, we are firm-
ly perstiaded, when compared’ with any other body of men
who have brought about impertant political changes, will ap-
pear eminent for general purity of character, for the absence
of egotism in all: its shapes, for a selftrenouncing lovejof
country, and for that deep'sense of religion which lies at, the
bottom of all really noble qualities. In illustration of this,
we may mention an incident: in the life of one of them, who
is scarcely known out of ‘his‘own State, and far too little in it.

The Governor of Virginia,’ at-thetime of the siege of
Yorktown, was a gentleman ‘who, at the commencement of
the Revolutionary struggle, possessed; in addition to other
advantages, the largest fortune in that then wealthy colony.
He not only took his part in the ordinary dangers of that
era, he not ‘only periled his life inthe high places of the field,
but he likewise laid his ample fortune as an offering on the
altar of his country. “The‘close ofthe war left that country
free, and him. impoverished: and contented.'. This forgetful-
ness of self, this loftiness of spirit, was not the characteristic
of a few distinguished men—it was the temper of ‘the people
at that day. The common*soldiers, marching to battle, might
he tracked by the blood issuing from their naked and. lacer-
ated feet.

‘Duty was the watchword. There was a fervent religious
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RELIGIOUS ELEMENT OF THE REVOLUTION. 47

spirit existing, more: than their descendants generally un-
derstand ‘or acknowledge. Religion did not use the same
dialect, or wear the same garb, as at present; she did not
make broad her phylacteries, and enlarge the borders of
her garments as at present ; but it may well be questioned
whether her principles:were not as deeply seated in the minds
of men, whether her practical influence was not as powerful
and happy, whether her results were not’ as acceptable to
God, and‘ as profitable to:man. How solemn and how fre-
quent are the recognitions. of Divine Providence in the public
documents of that day! ‘Days of humiliation for national
sins, and of national thanksgivings for national/mercies; were
solemnly appointed and devoutly observed.

During the Revolutionary war, Mr. Jefferson, then a mem-
ber of the House of Delegates of Virginia, from the county
of Albemarle, wrote to the minister of the) parish in that
county, urging upon him the most solemn observance of a
fast, then recently appointed by the Legislature. This proves
either that Mr. Jefferson’s own sentiments on religious. sub-
jects were, at’ that’ time, more sound than they became after
his residence in Paris, and his intercourse with) the French
Encyclopedists, or that he knew the strength of the religious
feelings of the people; and wished them enlisted in favor of

the cause in which he was embarked. In either point of -

view it is significant.

Of this religious feeling there was a remarkable expression
in the Convention which framed our present Constitution.
Their deliberations were not proceeding happily, and there
seemed to be danger that they would break up without effect-
ing the object for which they had met. _ Under these cireum-
stances, Dr. Franklin, a man not considered remarkable among
his cotemporaries, for a devotional spirit, rose and said, “that
he had lived a long time, and’ the longer he lived the more
convincing proofs he saw that God governed in the affairs of
men, je firmly believed what, was taught, in the sacred writ-
ings, that ‘except the Lord build the house, they labor.in

vain who, build) it”. "That. he attributed ‘their ill-suecess to
239

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48 TALES AND TRADITIONS:

their not humbly applying to the Father of Lights to illumi-
nate their understandings; and he moved that prayers, implor-
ing the assistance:of ;Heaven, ‘and its: blessing on,their delib-
erations, be henceforth: held.”

How sublime and affecting. was ‘the sight, when, according
to his proposal, that assemblage of »world-famons. ‘men, gal-
lant: warriors, eminent statesmen, illustrious: sages, knelt in
prayer,and asked | for the wisdom*which they confessed they
had not. It :was indeed a.:characteristi¢)cand, memorable
scene. Those) magnanimous’ men, thati had recently. brayed
the fury ofthe most:powerfulménarch upon earth, that, had
never feared:the face of mortal, now: hunibled: themselves like
little children before: Almighty, God, ,acknowledged their
weakness, and» craved -his fatherly hélp'and blessing. And
shall-we not bélieve’ that they received it? Nothing could
make us: doubtvit! but the degenéracy of: their, descendants.
Whg could now say of jan: American Congress; what; Lord
Chatham said. of the Congress of his day, that,.‘* compared
with a Roman Senate,;:it) deserved ‘the preference for dignity
and for wisdom.” How bitter a sarcasm)would such,an ob-
servation be, after one of those scenes of personal altercation
and reviling which disgrace every session, and which make
the cheek of a true-hearted American to burn with shame and
indignation when he reads. them.

“¢

 

THE BATTLE OF BLOODY, BROOK,

In the Autumn of ‘the year 1675, @ little !army of brave men
had assembled at the town of Hadley, onthe banks of the
Connecticut river, to defend that place’and the’ neighboring
hamlets'‘from the attacks of the Indians) Who, banded together
under the command ofthe brave Philip, had committed many

and serious depredations along the valley of the river. Among
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‘PHILIP’S AMBUSCADE. 51

other towns which had suffered from the malignant hate of
the savages, was Deerfield, a few miles above Hadley. This
place had been. partially burned and the inhabitants scattered
during the previous summer, and there yet remained in the
fields some three thousand. bushels of wheat, in stacks, just as
the husbandman had left it when.driven from his home. It
was desirable not only to obtain this for the use of the little
army and the numerous families who had assembled at, Had-
ley for protection, but also to keep it from falling into the
hands. of the Indians, and it was decided to send a party to
thresh it out and transport it to head-quarters, Captain La-
throp was appointed to command the detail of sixty-six men
and eighteen teamsters, who had been selected for the expe-
dition. It was made up of young men, the very “flower of
the country,” who burned to distinguish themselves in aid of
the cause which they were assembled to defend—the sanctity
of their-homes and firesides,

Many a cheek was wet as they took up their march toward
their destination, and many a maiden heaved a deep-drawn
sigh as her lover disappeared from her sight; for, although
no immediate danger was apprehended, yet. none knew in
those troublous times when the storm might break upon their
“devoted heads, and overwhelm them in its fury. The depart-
ure of so considerable a body of their choicest men, therefore,
gave cause of uneasiness to all, and unnumbered prayers were
offered to Heaven for their. safe return.

Arriving in safety at. Deerfield, the men commenced with a
will the performance of their work, and the grain was threshed
out, the teams loaded, and with light hearts they started to
return to their expectant friends. The savage enemy had,
howeyer, through their numerous spies, obtained intelligence
of the expedition, and determined to cut it off. Collecting a
body of. between six and seven hundred warriors, Philip*
narrowly watched the movements of Captain Lathrop and his

* History makes no mention of Philip as connected with this battle. But
from well authenticated Indian tradition, as wellas from the fact that he
is known to have been absent from Mount Hope—~his residence—at the
time, it is almost certain that he planned and led on the tHe

243

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52 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

party, and when they started to return, he planned an ambus-
cade at a spot which in every way was suited to his purpose.
After leaving Deerfield, for some three miles the road ran
nearly parallel with the Connécticut river, through a level
country ; it then diverged, and for half a mile ran along the
edge of a morass, which it crossed, and took a southerly di-
rection toward Sugar-loaf hill, across what are now the “ home
lots,” to the eastward of the village of South Deerfield. The
morass was covered with a thick growth of underbrush,
which afforded concealment for the savage foe, who, with nos-

“trils dilated and eyes gleaming with deadly hate, lay in wait-

ing, like a’ cotichant tiger, trembling in their 'éagerness to
spring upon their unsuspecting victims. Little dreaming of
the danger which lurked in their path, the littlé company of

‘brave hearts came onward to their fate. "With. lamentable

carelessness, Lathrop failed’to throw out flankers on his front
and flanks, but marched blindfold into the snare laid for him

‘by the ‘cunning Philip. Crossing the niorass, without. sus-

pecting the proximity of their foe, the little band reached the
banks of a small stream, or rivulet, which crossed the road,
near which, tradition informs us, gréw gredt quantities of the
luscious ‘wild grapes, which were ripening in the’ sun, and

“the! tempting ‘bunches hung in profusion from among the

branches of the surrounding trees. While waiting for the
teams to draw their heavy loads through the morass, they
carelessly piled their ‘arms and hastened to partake. of the
tempting repast so bountifully spread.

Now was the opportunity for the savage foe, and“ quick
as fire from smitten steel,” a volley was poured upon the de-
voted youths which laid low many a promising form. Cool
and calm under all circumstances, and as brave as cool, they
rallied at the word, and, seizing their arms, dealt back upon
their fiend-like enemy a shower of balls which made many a
warrior bite the dust. A’ second, and a third, aimed with a
clear eye and steady, nerves, told so well that the savages be-
gan to waver, A gleam of hope broke through the fearful

prospect, ‘and fora moment they dreamed of’ victory. But
244

 

 
 

THE, MASSACRE. 53

now appears the savage form of the Wampanoag chief, and
in tl under-tones he cheers on his band. The dusky warriors
rally at the sound of his thrilling voice, and surrounding the
brave pale-faced youths, they dealt death, on every side.
With half their number slain, the heroic little band perceives
now the hopelessness of their situation and the certainty of
their fate. Nota nerve thrilled with fear, not a heart faltered,

but calmly, they determined to sell their lives at fearful cost
to the foe. One by one they fall, a gory harvest to their
mother earth, and the crimson life-blood, from their still
beating hearts, finds its way in many a rill to the neighboring
stream, and, mixing with its waters, christens it ‘“ Bloody
Brook.” Early in the action their brave leader was shot
down while cheering on his men, and now, falling faster as
their numbers decrease, a solitary few are all that are left to
contend against the overwhelming force of the enemy. The
foremost. of these, turning to encourage his comrades, finds
but seven remaining of all that goodly company. Finding
that further resistance will only add to the scalps of the vic-
tors, they dashed through their enemy’s line and ran for the
Deerfield riyer, pursued by two hundred savage warriors.
Two only lived to reach its banks. One attempted to swim

the stream, but sunk, pierced by.a dozen balls; the other

managed to slide silently into the water, where he fae screened
by a fallen tree and the rank grass, until the Indians gaye up
the search and returned to the bloody field to secure the
scalps of the dead and dying. When all was still, and during
the darkness ot the night, he swam across the river, and,
stiff and cold, began his march for Hadley, where he arrived
on the following day, the last and only survivor of the battle
of Bloody Brook.

Returning to the ensanguined field, the savages commenced
to strip the much- coveted trophies from the still warm bodies
of their victims.. Not satisfied with this, they severed the
heads from their trunks, in their infernal joy, and raising them
upon the points of poles, danced around them in fiendish glee,

while fresh streams’ o blood added their purple tint to tho
245

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54 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

little brook, which for days ran red with the richest tide that
ever rivulet bore. Their savage revelry was suddenly stopped,
however, by the appearance of a party unde? the command
of Captain Mosely, who, having heard the firing, had. hastened
to Lathrop’s relief. But, alas! too late. Fired with ven-
geance at the sight of their mangled comrades, they broke
through the savage foe, and charging back and forth, cut
down all within range of their shot. After several hours of
hard fighting, and Captain Treat coming up with ‘additional
force, the Indians were compelled to retreat, with a loss of
ninety-six warriors. Mosely lost only two killed. The dead
were collected and buried, and, within a few years, 4 marble
monument has been erected over the spot where they fought
and fell. =!

Another massacre, quite similar in its character—owing its
fatal success to the betrayal of the enterprise to the savages—
was the night conflict at the creek just above Detroit, now
called, in commemoration of the event, ‘ Bloody Run.” Dur-
ing the memorable siege of Detroit by the Indians under the
great Ottawa chief, Pontiac, 1763, the brave English garrison
was reinforced by a strong detachment sent up frém Niagara,
in bateaux, under command of Captain Dalzell.’ This réin-
forcement reaching the beleaguered. post in safety, placed the
garrison in a position of offense.’ ‘The savages, composed of
the “ braves” of the combined tribes of Potawatomies, Wy-
andots, and Ottawas, were. as watchful and as ferocious’ as
hyenas, but they had to deal with men as brave as they, and
who, in the end, triumphed over thei barbarous assailants.

Seeing how affairs stood, the bold Dalzell-at once conceived
the enterprise of a night attack upon the savages encamped
beyond the stream above referred to. Gladwyn; at first, did
not favor the sally, knowing the strength and ceiseless vigi-
lance of the great chief; but,the lion-hearted Captain would
hear no refusal, and was. so urgent and strenuous that the
commandant at length yielded.*

* This is the'same Dalzell who was a joint hero with Israel Putnam in
many of his most memorable adventures.

246

 

 

 

«

  

 
 

 

CANADIAN TREACHERY. 55

On the thirtieth of July, orders were issued, and prepara:
tions made for,the attack. With an unpardonable want of

discretion, some of the officers allowed several Canadians to

know. their. intentions, one of whom betrayed it all to Pon-
tiac.

As might -have been expected, the wily chief made every
thing ready to: receive the assailants.. At two o’clock in the
morning, two hundred and fifty soldiers, two deep, passed
noiselessly through the gates and marched up the left river-
bank. Two. large bateaux, each containing a swivel, kept
abreast of them, in the Detroit river. The advanced guard
of twenty-five was led, by Lieutenant Brown, the center by
Captain Gray; and the rear by Captain Grant. “The night
was still, close and sultry, and the men marched in light un-
dress. On their right was the dark, gleaming surface of the
river, with a margin of sand intervening; on their left a
succession of Canadian houses, with barns, orchards and corn-
fields, from. whence the clamorous barking of wateh-dogs
saluted them. as they passed. The inhabitants, roused from
sleep, looked from) the windows in astonishment and alarm.
An old man has told the writer how, when a child, he climbed
on the roof of his father’s house, to look down on the glim-
mering bayonets, and how, long after the troops had passed,
their heayy and measured tramp sounded from afar through
the still night. Thus the English moved forward to the at-
tack, little thinking that, behind houses and inclosures, Indian
scouis watched every yard of their progress—little suspecting
that Pontiac, apprised by the Canadians of their plan, had
broken up his camp, and was coming against them with all
his warriors, armed and decorated for battle.”

The Indian village or camp is beyond a small stream which
puts in from the western shore, a short distance above De-
troit. At the point where the bridge crosses it, the stream
descended, through ,a deep and wild-looking hollow, while

“upon the opposite side, the river-bank rose in several ridges.
Here Pontiac had erected several intrenchments, besides

throwing together several piles of cordwood, further on.
* 247

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56 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

Behind these were crouching hundreds of Indians, who, with
guns ready-cocked, listened to the dull tramp of the approach.
ing soldiers.

The advanced guard had crossed the bridge, and the main
body was just entering, when loud yells burst forth, anda
sheet of fire flamed along the whole ridge, like the broadside
of a frigate.’ One-half the advanced guard fell dead, and the
others recoiled in. terror; but Dalzell, in his clear, stirring
voice, inspired his men with his own courage. Advancing
to the front; he led them to the attack. A second volley was
poured into them, when, furious with rage, he led the men on
a rapid run across the ridge; but not an Indian was visible.
Half frantic with fear and fury, the’soldiers charged behind
the fence and the intrenchments, but the agile savages were
gone. The night had now become of inky darkness, and the
men were soon scattered and lost among the houses and
inclosures. The only resource left was to retreat and wait for
daylight. Accordingly, Captain Grant led his men across the
bridge, where the others soon followed, with the exception
of a small party, which remained ‘to check the rapid pursuit
of the enemy. Amid a hot firing upon both sides, the dead
and wounded were placed in the two bateaux. ' Immediately
after, the rapid report of musketry was heard im the rear,
where Captain Grant was stationed. The shots had come
from the house of Meloche and the surrounding orchards,
where large numbers of savages had intrenched themselves.

Captain Grant charged right at them, driving them at the
point of the bayonet from the orchard and from the house,

, where they found two Canadians, who stated that the Indians

had gone in great numbers to occupy the houses below, from
which they intended to cut off their retreat.

This being the case, the only hope was in instant retreat.
The men were collected in marching order, and the march
commenced, Captain Grant leading, and Dalzell bringing up
the rear. Numbers of Indians dogged them, and when their
fire became too galling, the soldiers wheeled and returned it.

Tn this manner they proceeded for over half a nrile, when
248

 

 

 
 

DALZELL’S. RETREAT; 57

they came abreast of a number of, barns protected by strong
pickets. These were safely passed: by the adyance party ;
but when the center and rear came opposite, loud yells greet-
ed them, ‘and a most murderous volley was poured. into their
ranks. The men shrunk, hesitated. and reeoiled, and. had it
not been for Dalzell, would have broke -and; fled... Though
severely woundéd himself, he commanded, threatened, and, it
is said, smvute several timid ones with the.flat. of his sword.
His ‘persistent: efforts partially restored the. men, when. the
fire was returned with considerable effect.

It was now near daybreak, andsthe incessant rattle of rifles,
together with the horrid yells of the Indians, so drowned the
voices of the leaders that their commands could not be heard.
The soldiers read their orders only in the excited faces and
frenzied gestures. One of the houses had been filled by the
savages and from its windows scores of rifles were.continually . _
flashing. Major Rogers at/the head of /his rangers split open
the door with an ax and burstin among them like)a thunder-
bolt. They fled in every direction, as the rangers swarmed
in. At the same instant, Oaptain Gray was sent.to dislodge a
number that were firing from, behind the fences. .. He charged
them at the head of his company, but.fell with a mortal wound
before he reached them. His men kept on and routed the In-
dians. The retteat was now resumed with comparatively
good order. The fire of the Indians -had nearly ceased, but,
leaping forward they seized the stragglers, cut, them. down
and scalped them without mercy. A poor sergeant of. the
55th, so wounded that he could not walk, raised himself on
his hands and gazed after his: retreating comrades with such
a despairing, beseeching expression, thatthe noble-hearted
Dalzell, now wounded himself’ in two places, ran toward him
with the intention of rescuing the man from his. inhuman
enemies. As he reached out his arms: to,seize the wounded
soldier, a shot struck him and he fell dead before him. None
paused to see their fate. There was no time. Death was

hanging on their rear,
The Indians were rapidly concentrating theilftburabers
249

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58 TALES ANDi TRADITIONS.

again, and the massacre would» have been far more dreadful,
had not Rogers with his. rangers taken possession of another
house, which commanded the road and protected ‘the retreat.

The account of this battle by Parkman is so graphic and
truthful that we transcribe’that portion descriptive of the re-
maining part of the fight:

“ Rogers entered this house with some of his men, while
many panic-stricken regulars broke in after him, in their eager-
ness to gain'a temporary shelter. ‘The house was a large and
strong one, and the-women of the neighborhood had crowded
into the cellar for refuge. “While some of the soldiers looked
in blind terror for a place of concealment, others seized upon
a’ keg of whisky in one‘of the rooms, ‘and ‘quaffed the liquor
with eager thirst, while others, again, piled packs of furs,
furniture, and all else within their reach, against the windows,
to’serve as a barricade. Panting and breathless, their. faces
moist with sweat and blackened with gunpowder, they thrust .
their muskets through the openings, and fired out upon the
whooping assailants. At intervals a bullet flew whizzing
through a crevice, striking down. a man, perchance, or rap-
ping harmlessly against the partitions. Old Campau, the
master of the house, stood on a’ trap-door to prevent: the
frightened soldiers from seeking shelter among the women in
the cellar. ‘A ball grazed his gray head, arfd buried itself in
the wall, wheré'a few ‘years since it might’ still have been seen.
The screams of the half-stifled women below, the quivering
war-whoops without, the shouts and curses of ‘the soldiers,
the groans and blaspheming of the wound¢d. men, mingled in
a scene of clamorous confusion, and it was long before the
authority of Rogers could restore order.

“Tn the mean time, Captain Grant, with his/advance party,
had moved forward about half a mile, when he found some
| 2 orchards and inclosures, by means of which he could maintain

1 himself until the center’ and rear should arrive. Frony this
he pointihe detached all the men he could, spare to occupy the
th houses below ; and as soldiers soon began to come in from the

i | rear, hé was enabled to reinforce these, detachments, until a
; 250

 

 

 
 

CAPTAIN GRANT. 59

complete line of communication was established with the fort
and the retreat effectually secured. Within an hour the whole
party had arrived, with the exception of Rogers and his men,
who were quite unable to come off, being besieged in the
house of Campau, by full two hundred Indians. »'The two
armed bateaux had gone down to the fort, laden with the
dead and ‘wounded: ‘They now returned, and, in obedience
to an order from Captain Grant, proceeded up the river to a
point opposite Campau’s house where ‘they opened a fire of
swivels, which’ swept the ground above and below it, and
completely scattered the assailants. Rogers and his party
now came out and marched down the road, to unite them-
selves with Grant. The two bateaux accompanied them
closely, and by a constant fire, restrained the Indians from
making an attack. Scarcely had Rogers left the house at one
door; when the enemy entered it at another, to obtain the
scalps from two or three corpses left behind. Foremost of
them all, a withered old squaw rushed in, with a shrill scream,
and slashing open one of the dead bodies with her knife,
scooped up the blood between her hands, and quaffed it with
a ferocious ecstasy.”

The retreat was conducted so admirably by Captain Grant
that not another of his men was injured. At eight o’clock
in the morning, the last man of the decimated detachment
was received within the walls of the fort, when it was found
that fifty-nine had been killed and wounded. [The Indians
had not lost more than one-fourth that number,* it was after-
ward ascertained. |

The death of the noble Dalzell, and so many of his brave
men, spread a gloom for the time over Detroit. All felt that,
had not the Canadians proved traitors, the Indians would
have been most completely punished. The condition of the
garrison, however, was now much better than it had ever

been. There were over three hundred men within t clo-
sure, every one of whom had had abundant expepience in

* Some authorities give the losses of the English as seventy, es forty
wounded,

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60 TALES AND TRADITIONS.

Indian warfare. These were well provided with ammunition
and provisions, and Gladwin felt that the raising of the siege
was only a question of time, and perhaps of eternity with a
few more of his brave fellows.

Pontiac was so overjoyed with his success, that he sent his
runners for hundreds of miles through the adjoining country,
with news of the battle. Vast numbers came from great dis
tances to join him, until over a thousand were dancing and
yelling in his village, and he became stronger in.his_ belief
that the garrison would eventually fall into his hands. The
vision of vengeance which haunted him seemed to demonize
all around him.

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14, of the

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